Table 2.
Mean and 95% confidence intervals for maximal heart rate, bias, and lower (LLOA) and upper limits of agreement (ULOA, and root mean square error (RMSE).
| Max Heart Rate | Prediction Equation | Bias | LLOA | ULOA | RMSE | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GXT | All | 181.67 (179.03, 184.30) | |||||
| Male | 182.93 (179.89, 185.96) | ||||||
| Female | 179.03 (173.77, 184.30) | ||||||
| Fox | All | 181.82 (179.35, 184.28) | HRmax = 220 – Age | −0.15 (−2.49, 2.18) | −23.11 (−27.15, −19.06) | 22.80 (18.76, 26.85) | 11.65 |
| Gellish | All | 181.32 (179.67, 182.97) | HRmax = 207 – 0.7 ·Age | 0.35 (−1.80, 2.50) | −20.74 (−24.46, −17.03) | 21.44 (17.72, 25.16) | 10.71 |
| Gulati | Female | 170.86* (166.58, 175.13) | HRmax = 206 – 0.88 · Age | 8.18 (3.67, 12.68) | −16.33 (−24.14, −8.52) | 32.68 (24.87, 40.49) | 14.77 |
| Tanaka | All | 181.27 (179.55, 183.00) | HRmax = 208 – 0.7 · Age | 0.39 (−1.76, 2.55) | −20.75 (−24.48, −17.02) | 21.54 (17.81, 25.26) | 10.74 |
| Arena | All | 181.81 (180.03, 183.58) | HRmax = 209.3 – 0.72 · Age | −0.14 (−2.30, 2.01) | −21.33 (−25.07, −17.60) | 21.05 (17.31, 24.78) | 10.75 |
| Astrand | All | 184.53* (182.46, 186.6) | HRmax = 216.6 – 0.84 · Age | −2.86 (−5.07, −0.65) | −24.57 (−28.39, −20.74) | 18.85 (15.02, 22.67) | 11.38 |
| Nes | All | 186.56* (184.99, 188.14) | HRmax = 211 – 0.64 · Age | −4.90 (−7.04, −2.75) | −25.96 (−29.66, −22.25) | 16.17 (12.46, 19.88) | 11.76 |
| Fairbarn | Male | 177.45* (175.48, 179.43) | HRmax = 208 – 0.8 · Age | 4.80 (2.28, 7.32) | −15.48 (−19.85, −11.11) | 25.08 (20.71, 29.45) | 11.34 |
| Female | 176.95 (175.39, 178.50) | HRmax = 201 – 0.63 · Age | 3.19 (−1.13, 7.52) | −20.32 (−27.81, −12.83) | 26.70 (19.21, 34.20) | 12.23 |
Note.
*
Indicates significant difference (p < 0.05) from maximal heart rate in respective subgroup (i.e. GXT female, and Gulati female).
Units of bias, LLOA, ULOA and RMSE are beats per minute.