Table 3. Process indicators.
| Author | Downloads | Average monthly use | Individual sessions | Time used per feature/session | Accessed guidelines | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Initial | Total | Initial | Follow-up | App | Non-app | Initial | Follow-up | (most frequent to least frequent) | |
| Charani (2013) | 376 times in first month | 990 times after 12 months | 250–300 average monthly users | N/A | 1900 monthly average individual sessions (89.6%) | 221 average monthly individual sessions on the intranet version (10.4%) | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Payne (2014) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Time spent per day on the antimicrobial formulary (users): 0 minutes (8), 1 to 10 minutes (16), 11 to 20 minutes (5) and 21 to 30 minutes (2). Time spent per day on management protocols (users): 0 minutes (9), 1 to 10 minutes (20), 11 to 20 minutes (2) and 21 to 30 minutes (0) | N/A | N/A |
| Hoff (2017) | N/A | 3056 times over 14 months | N/A | N/A | 9259 times in total (53.0%) | 8214 times in total per web viewer (47.0%) | N/A | N/A | Community-acquired pneumonia (3725), Antibiogram—Gram-negatives (3216), Antibiogram Gram-positives (2931), Antimicrobial dosing in renal insufficiency (2918), Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (2576), Uncomplicated cystitis (2139) |
| Tuon (2017) | N/A | 1741 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 50% of all sessions < 1 min. | N/A | N/A |
| Panesar (2016) | N/A | 2013 times over 10 months | 1182 average monthly accessions in first year (range: 1005–1615) | 1483 average monthly accessions in 19 months (range: 945–2140) | >16 000 times in total | N/A | 12.5 seconds average per individual guideline in first year | 10.6 seconds average per guideline 19 months | UTI (lower), Pneumonia, Cellulitis, UTI (upper/pyelonephritis), Sepsis |
| Young (2018) | N/A | N/A | 1257–1953 sessions/month | N/A | 18860 sessions on 1887 unique devices (per year) (79.8%) | 4761 sessions (desktop) on 3151 desktops (per year) (20.2%) | Mean session duration: 2:22 min | N/A | UTI 336–688 sessions/month, RTI 329–596 sessions/month, SSTI 289–615 session/month, GI 108–195 sessions/month, genital infections 52–153 sessions/month |
| Yoon (2019) | 53 times in first month | 145 times after 3 months | 21 average accessions per user in first month | 12 and 11 average accessions per user in second resp. third month | N/A | N/A | CAP guideline: median of 11 seconds (IQR 7–17). UTI guideline: median of 18 seconds (IQR 12–29) | N/A | Respiratory (847), Skin and soft tissue (663), Gastrointestinal tract (500), Sepsis (467), Genitourinary (350), ENT (335), CNS (278) |
The process parameters reported in evaluated studies. CAP: community-acquired pneumonia; CNS: central nervous system; ENT: ear, nose & throat; GI: gastrointestinal infection; IQR: inter quartile range; N/A: not available; RTI: respiratory tract infection; SSTI: skin and soft tissue infection; UTI: urinary tract infection.