Table 3.

Taxonomic families determined to be significantly different among milk consumption type groups.

Taxonomic family	BB (n = 14) Mean (SD)	BP (n = 20) Mean (SD)	TF (n = 30) Mean (SD)	ASF (n = 27) Mean (SD)	P-value	Pairwise Group Differences Mean Difference
						BP-BB	BB-TF	BP-TF	ASF-BB	ASF-BP	ASF-TF
Ruminococcaceae{unclassified}	0.23 (0.61)	0.77 (1.2)	2.1 (1.1)	2.4 (1)	2.8 x 10−8	0.82	2.2****	1.3***	2.3****	1.5****	0.17
Lachnospiraceae	2 (1)	2.5 (1)	2.9 (0.6)	3.2 (0.45)	2.5 x 10−5	0.66*	0.89**	0.23	1.2****	0.58*	0.34
Peptostreptococcaceae	0.56 (0.69)	0.91 (1)	1.3 (0.64)	1.6 (0.51)	1.7 x 10−4	0.15	0.72*	0.57*	0.95***	0.8**	0.23
Enterobacteriaceae	3.7 (0.53)	3.3 (0.74)	3.2 (0.44)	3 (0.65)	2.6 x 10−3	−0.52*	−0.59**	−0.07	−0.71***	−0.19	−0.12
Bifidobacteriaceae	3.7 (0.63)	3.6 (0.6)	3.2 (0.81)	2.8 (1.1)	2.9 x 10−3	−0.22	−0.71	−0.49	−1.1**	−0.83*	−0.34
Lactobacillaceae	0.99 (0.8)	1.4 (0.83)	0.45 (0.65)	0.6 (0.7)	3.5 x 10−3	0.33	−0.65*	−0.99***	−0.47	−0.8**	0.19
Acidaminococcaceae	0.17 (0.64)	0.19 (0.61)	0.23 (0.67)	0.97 (1.4)	5.0 x 10−3	0.22	0.26	0.04	0.97*	0.75*	0.71*
Erysipelotrichaceae	0.62 (1)	0.63 (0.91)	1.3 (0.9)	1.6 (0.7)	7.3 x 10−3	0.074	0.81*	0.74*	0.95*	0.88*	0.14
Micrococcaceae	0.66 (0.72)	0.34 (0.62)	0.27 (0.58)	0.12 (0.36)	0.015	−0.39	−0.57**	−0.19	−0.59**	−0.2	−0.012
Atopobiaceae	0.67 (0.94)	0.3 (0.74)	0.16 (0.5)	0.25 (0.63)	0.028	−0.61*	−0.62*	−0.00085	−0.47	0.14	0.15
Coriobacteriaceae	0.55 (0.93)	0.57 (0.91)	1.3 (1)	0.81 (0.91)	0.036	−0.041	0.79	0.83*	0.22	0.26	−0.57

* = P < 0.05; ** = P < 0.01; *** = P < 0.001; **** = P < 0.0001

BB = Human milk directly from breast only (No formula)

BP = Human milk from a bottle (No formula)

TF = Traditional Formula

ASF = Lactose-reduced formula with added corn syrup solids

SD = Standard Deviation