Table 6.

Table depicting the most important observations on bacterial composition between ASD or ADHD cases, and controls. Only bacteria, for which two separate studies have agreed on the direction of difference, are displayed in the table. Empty boxes represent that no difference was reported for this measurement, between cases and controls in the represented study. For De Angelis et al.⁵⁷ autism and PDD-NOS were combined. ↑ = higher α diversity or bacteria are more abundant, in ASD/ADHD compared to control; ↓ = Lower α diversity or bacteria are less abundant, in ASD/ADHD compared to control; D = bacterial β-diversity differ between ASD or ADHD cases compared to controls. N = No difference in β-diversity. – = no information.