Figure 4.

Gut microbiota regulates the expression of tumor genes. A-B, LLC Lewis cells were injected into C57BL/6 mice via tail vein to establish tumor model. The lung metastatic tumor nodules were isolated as samples from the mouse model for the molecular assays, and RNA deep Sequencing which revealed the alterations of gene expression between GF and GF/SPF, GF and GF/Bifido group. C-D, GO analysis and pathway analysis of the RNA deep sequencing result. Target genes including sox9, IL-11, twist and MMP3 are consistent in expression between GF and GF/SPF, GF and GF/Bifido groups. E-F, Validation of target gene expression between GF/SPF and GF, GF/Bifido and GF mice by qRT-PCR. G, Validation of target gene expression between SPF and SPF/ABX mice by RT-qPCR. Data are shown as mean ± SEM from three experiments performed in triplicate. *P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001. Statistical analysis: two-way ANOVA (E&F&G).