Table 2. Comparison of neurocognitive test scores in borderline personality disorder and control groups.
| Test/Outcome parameter | BPD (n=45) | Control (n=35) | t/χ2 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PAL | ||||
| Total errors (adjusted) | 25.1±24.7 | 18.2±16.3 | 1.566 | 0.160 |
| RVP | ||||
| Ability to determine target directory | 0.86±0.5 | 0.89±0.5 | 0.379 | 0.041* |
| IED | ||||
| Total errors (adjusted) | 26.2±20.9 | 20.2±18.6 | 2.463 | 0.190 |
| VMPT | ||||
| Immediate memory | 6.1±1.7 | 6.7±1.5 | 0.126 | 0.100 |
| Complete learning points | 115.6±15.4 | 129.5±9.3 | 8.937 | < 0.001* |
| Access to criteria | 32 (71.1%) | 32 (91.4%) | 5.079 | 0.024* |
| Highest learning point | 14.2±1.3 | 14.8±0.5 | 35.925 | 0.009* |
| Long-term recall scores | 12.02±1.8 | 13.4±1.1 | 6.829 | < 0.001* |
| ERT | ||||
| Correct disgust (%) | 27.2±12.8 | 26.2±8.8 | 4.052 | 0.699 |
| Correct sadness (%) | 34.6±12.6 | 35.8±14.1 | 0.589 | 0.699 |
| Correct fear (%) | 22.7±8.6 | 26.8±7.3 | 5.530 | 0.253 |
| Correct anger (%) | 22.7±8.6 | 21.6±4.3 | 4.238 | 0.511 |
| Correct surprise (%) | 32.06±11.4 | 327±7.4 | 4.084 | 0.771 |
| Correct happiness (%) | 33.8±10.8 | 36.7±10.3 | 0.023 | 0.229 |
| Total correct (%) | 62.5±11.8 | 67.5±6.9 | 5.726 | 0.030* |
| SST | ||||
| Proportion of successful stops (%) | 0.5± 0.1 | 0.5± 0.1 | 0.005 | 0.478 |
| CGT | ||||
| Deliberation time | 2,670.6±1,135.2 | 2,600.7±966.5 | 0.323 | 0.772 |
| Quality of decision-making | 0.7±0.2 | 0.8±0.1 | 2.292 | 0.190 |
| Bet proportion – ascending | 0.4±2.3 | 0.4±0.2 | 0.365 | 0.775 |
| Bet proportion – descending | 0.6±0.1 | 0.6±0.2 | 2.926 | 0.116 |
| Overall bet proportion | 0.5±0.1 | 0.5±0.1 | 0.228 | 0.601 |
| Bet proportion at 6:4 | 0.5±0.2 | 0.5±0.2 | 0.187 | 0.912 |
| Bet proportion at 9:1 | 0.6±0.2 | 0.6±0.2 | 0.094 | 0.409 |
BPD = borderline personality disorder; CGT = Cambridge Gambling Task; ERT = Emotional Recognition Task; IED = Intra-Extra Dimensional Set Shifting Test; PAL = Paired-Associate Learning Test; RVP = Rapid Visual Processing; SST = Stop-Signal Task; VMPT = Verbal Memory Processes Test.
*
p < 0.05.