Table 1. Smokers receiving NAC or placebo: baseline sociodemographic characteristics, smoking status, maternal smoking during pregnancy, previous treatment.
| Variables | Placebo (n=17) | NAC (n=17) | p-value* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 46.88 (13.07) | 47.06 (9.13) | 0.96 |
| Year of education | 8.82 (4.89) | 9.59 (4.77) | 0.65 |
| Gender | 0.47 | ||
| Female | 70.60 | 58.80 | |
| Male | 29.40 | 41.20 | |
| Pack-years | 28.20 (15.80) | 35.32 (30.78) | 0.90 |
| Age at onset (years) | 13.71 (2.66) | 15.00 (3.08) | 0.21 |
| Years of smoking | 33.18 (13.00) | 32.31 (8.42) | 0.21 |
| Cigarettes day ≥ 20 | 70.60 | 52.90 | 0.29 |
| FTND ≥ 6 | 47.10 | 52.90 | 0.73 |
| Family history of smoking | 76.50 | 87.50 | 0.41 |
| Maternal smoking in pregnancy | 23.50 | 30.80 | 0.66 |
| Nicotine replacement therapy | |||
| Patch | 29.40 | 47.10 | 0.29 |
| Bupropion | 23.50 | 52.90 | 0.08 |
Data presented as mean (standard deviation) or %.
FTND = Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence; NAC = N-acetylcysteine.
*
p-value obtained by Student’s t-test or the Wilcoxon signed rank test (for quantitative variables) or by the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test (for qualitative variables).