Table 2.

Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models exploring factors associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19.

Variable	Overall sample model				Stratified model
					Outpatient				Hospitalised
	aHR	95% CI		P-value	aHR	95% CI		P-value	aHR	95% CI		P-value
Age (years)a	1.04	1.03	1.04	0.000∗	1.03	1.02	1.03	0.000∗	1.05	1.04	1.07	0.000∗
Sex, male	1.46	1.30	1.64	0.000∗	1.34	1.19	1.52	0.000∗	1.35	0.93	1.95	0.114
Indigenous ethnicity, yes	1.47	1.06	2.04	0.020∗	1.48	1.05	2.08	0.026∗	2.47	0.88	6.91	0.085
Pneumonia, yes	4.69	4.12	5.33	0.000∗	1.55	1.35	1.77	0.000∗	11.02	7.57	16.05	0.000∗
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, yes	1.28	1.04	1.59	0.022∗	1.31	1.05	1.64	0.016∗	1.07	0.47	2.43	0.874
Diseases associated with immunosuppression, yes	1.73	1.34	2.24	0.000∗	1.69	1.30	2.20	0.000∗	0.51	0.11	2.29	0.382
Additional comorbidity, yes	1.22	0.98	1.53	0.074	1.27	1.02	1.60	0.036∗	0.82	0.28	2.36	0.711
Cardiovascular disease, yes	0.85	0.67	1.06	0.151	0.86	0.68	1.09	0.222	0.91	0.40	2.06	0.824
Chronic diseases interaction
Hypertension, yes	1.27	1.06	1.52	0.010∗	1.16	0.96	1.40	0.125	1.11	0.59	2.09	0.737
Diabetes, yes	1.43	1.18	1.74	0.000∗	1.25	1.02	1.53	0.029∗	2.09	1.09	4.00	0.026∗
Obesity, yes	1.91	1.59	2.29	0.000∗	1.55	1.28	1.87	0.000∗	2.06	1.11	3.82	0.022∗
Diabetes + hypertension, yes	1.65	1.38	1.97	0.000∗	1.40	1.16	1.68	0.000∗	2.05	1.07	3.90	0.030∗
Obesity + hypertension, yes	1.66	1.30	2.14	0.000∗	1.44	1.11	1.86	0.006∗	1.08	0.41	2.85	0.884
Diabetes + obesity, yes	2.28	1.74	2.99	0.000∗	1.89	1.42	2.51	0.000∗	2.84	1.15	7.00	0.023∗
Diabetes + obesity + hypertension, yes	2.16	1.74	2.68	0.000∗	1.62	1.29	2.05	0.000∗	5.94	3.23	10.91	0.000∗
Chronic kidney disease, yes	1.60	1.29	2.00	0.000∗	1.56	1.24	1.96	0.000∗	1.97	0.76	5.09	0.162
Intensive care unit, yes	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	1.81	1.57	2.09	0.000∗
Region
North-west	0.84	0.68	1.03	0.097	0.93	0.74	1.16	0.527	0.71	0.38	1.36	0.303
Central	1.05	0.87	1.26	0.641	1.04	0.86	1.27	0.672	0.53	0.25	1.12	0.097
Mexico City-State of Mexico	0.50	0.44	0.57	0.000∗	0.50	0.44	0.58	0.000∗	0.48	0.29	0.80	0.005∗
South	0.96	0.82	1.13	0.614	0.91	0.76	1.07	0.256	0.85	0.51	1.41	0.522
Density (>100,000 habitants)	1.07	0.91	1.26	0.392	1.07	0.90	1.27	0.443	0.64	0.39	1.04	0.069
Mode of transport
Driving	1.03	1.00	1.07	0.079	1.05	1.01	1.09	0.023∗	0.98	0.87	1.10	0.688
Public transport	1.02	1.00	1.04	0.110	1.02	1.00	1.04	0.125	1.03	0.96	1.10	0.406
Walking	0.95	0.91	1.00	0.036∗	0.94	0.90	0.99	0.017∗	0.99	0.86	1.14	0.867

∗ statistically significative, P-value<0.05. aHR = adjusted hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019.

^aAge is continuous variable.