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Cell-related therapies for periodontal regeneration. The regenerative treatments of periodontal defects performed using cell-related therapy are illustrated, which include the transplantation of stem cells, gene or noncoding RNA modified cells, application of conditioned medium or exosome from cell culture, and direct gene transfection to the lesion. PDLSC: Periodontal ligament stem cell; SC: Stem cell; ncRNA: noncoding RNA.
