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. 2020 Sep 29;11:4892. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-18631-1

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — a Daily solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) versus daily vapor pressure deficit (VPD). b Daily SIF versus daily soil moisture (SM). c Daily SIF versus daily VPD, binned by SM. d Daily SIF versus daily SM, binned by VPD. c, d circles denote the averaged SIF within each bin of VPD and SM. e Average SIF in each percentile bin of SM and VPD. The cyan arrows indicate the VPD limitations on SIF without SM-VPD coupling (ΔSIF(VPD|SM)), and the orange arrows indicate the SM limitations on SIF without SM-VPD coupling (ΔSIF(SM|VPD)). For better readability, only four arrows are shown. f Distribution of ΔSIF(VPD|SM) and ΔSIF(SM|VPD). Circles denote the ΔSIF(VPD|SM) and ΔSIF(SM|VPD) in each bin. Squares denote the corresponding mean. The example pixel is located in Mali, West Africa at 14.25°N, −4.75°E. See Methods for more details.