Summary: Public health significance of evidence • There is a moderate association between cannabis use and physical violence in youths and emerging adults, with a potential dose-response association. Moreover, longitudinal evidence suggests that cannabis use may lead to future violent outbursts. • There is a small to moderate association between cannabis use/misuse and intimate partner aggression perpetration. • There is a moderate association between cannabis use and violence in populations with severe mental disorders, with a significant increase for frequent users or those with a cannabis use disorder. • Evidence highlights that violence should be an important indicator to monitor considering recent cannabis liberalizations in several countries.