Table 2.
Comparison of baseline clinicopathological characteristics based on PBD status.
| Variables | No PBD | PBD | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total number | 184 | 242 | |
| Sex (%) | |||
| Male | 121 (65.8) | 166 (68.6) | 0.607 |
| Female | 63 (34.2) | 76 (31.4) | |
| Age (%), years | |||
| ≤ 65 | 109 (59.2) | 133 (55.0) | 0.433 |
| >65 | 75 (40.8) | 109 (45.0) | |
| TB before intervention (%), μmol/L | |||
| ≤ 150 | 89 (48.4) | 30 (12.4) | <0.001 |
| >150 | 95 (51.6) | 212 (87.6) | |
| Albumin before intervention (%), g/L | |||
| <35 | 68 (37.0) | 132 (54.5) | <0.001 |
| ≥35 | 116 (63.0) | 110 (45.5) | |
| Elapsed time from PBD to surgery (%), weeks | |||
| <4 | NA | 202 (83.5) | |
| ≥4 | NA | 40 (16.5) | |
| TB before surgery (%), μmol/L | |||
| ≤ 150 | 89 (48.4) | 158 (65.3) | 0.001 |
| >150 | 95 (51.6) | 84 (34.7) | |
| Albumin before surgery (%), g/L | |||
| <35 | 67 (36.4) | 93 (38.4) | 0.745 |
| ≥35 | 117 (63.6) | 149 (61.6) | |
| NLR (%) | |||
| ≤ 2 | 31 (16.8) | 40 (16.5) | 1.000 |
| >2 | 153 (83.2) | 202 (83.5) | |
| Surgery method (%) | |||
| OPD | 160 (87.0) | 202 (83.5) | 0.390 |
| MIPD | 24 (13.0) | 40 (16.5) | |
| Venous resection (%) | |||
| No | 164 (89.1) | 212 (87.6) | 0.739 |
| Yes | 20 (10.9) | 30 (12.4) | |
| T stage (%) | |||
| T1–3 | 159 (88.3) | 204 (86.8) | 0.642 |
| T4 | 21 (11.7) | 31 (13.2) | |
| N stage (%) | |||
| N0 | 92 (51.1) | 111 (47.2) | 0.434 |
| N1/N2 | 88 (48.9) | 124 (52.8) | |
| Differentiation (%) | |||
| Good | 60 (33.7) | 63 (27.0) | 0.143 |
| Moderate–Poor | 118 (66.3) | 170 (73.0) | |
| Resection margins (%) | |||
| Negative | 142 (77.2) | 190 (78.5) | 0.832 |
| Positive (R1/R2) | 42 (22.8) | 52 (21.5) | |
| Post-operative complication (%) | |||
| No | 108 (58.7) | 130 (53.7) | 0.354 |
| Yes | 76 (41.3) | 112 (46.3) | |
| Adjuvant chemotherapy (%) | |||
| No | 79 (42.9) | 119 (49.2) | 0.238 |
| Yes | 105 (57.1) | 123 (50.8) |
MIPD, minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy; NLR, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio; OPD, open pancreaticoduodenectomy; PBD, pre-operative biliary drainage; TB, total serum bilirubin.