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. 2020 Sep 30;19:214. doi: 10.1186/s12944-020-01389-2

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

Overview of regulation of autophagy by free fatty acids. Palmitic acid stimulates autophagy by activating JNK and has been shown to interact with PKC isoforms which have been implicated in autophagy regulation. Myristic acid has been shown to upregulate autophagy by producing C-14 ceramide. DHA has been implicated in the P53-AMPK-mTOR pathway resulting in activation of autophagy