Table 3.
Study outcomes by treatment group
| Control, n = 306 | Intervention, n = 311 | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| PIVC failure | 91 (30) | 69 (22) | 0.03 |
| Device-time (accumulative days) | 828 | 785 | 0.25 |
| Incidence rate per 1000 device days | 110 (89.4–135) | 87·9 (69.4–111) | |
| Incidence rate ratio | Referent | 0.80 (0.58–1.11) | 0.19 |
| Secondary outcomes: | |||
| Occlusion | 17 (6) | 18 (6) | 0.90 |
| Leakage | 17 (6) | 7 (2) | 0.03 |
| Infiltration | 40 (13) | 32 (10) | 0.28 |
| Dislodgement | 22 (7) | 19 (6) | 0.59 |
| Phlebitis (research definition) | 20 (9) | 11 (5) | 0.11 |
| Death | 3 (1) | 1 (0) | 0.30 |
| Positive blood culture | 4 (1) | 4 (1) | 0.98 |
| Cox regression analysis | |||
| Covariate |
Univariable Cox regressiona n = 617 |
Multivariable Cox regressionb n = 617 |
|
| Study group: intervention | 0.81 (0.59–1.11)* | 0.78 (0.63–0.97)† | |
| Ward sequence (increase by one) | 1.01 (0.88–1.14) | $ | |
| Infection at baseline | 1.68 (1.06–2.66)† | 1.68 (1.10–2.58)† | |
| Extension tubing | 0.72 (0.52–1.00)* | 0.71 (0.57–0.87)† | |
Frequencies and column percentages shown, unless otherwise noted; p values calculated using chi-squared, rank-sum, or log-rank tests
*p < 0.20
†p < 0.05
aNo other adjustments other than covariate listed
bAdjusted for within-cluster correlation