Table 2.
HRs of individual level baseline characteristics for all cause, cardiovascular and cancer-related morality
| Characteristic | HR* (95% CI) | ||
| All-cause mortality | Cardiovascular mortality | Cancer-related mortality | |
| Age | 1.09 (1.07 to 1.12) | 1.11 (1.07 to 1.15) | 1.11 (1.05 to 0.18) |
| Age group* 35–44 years |
Reference level | Reference level | Reference level |
| 45–54 years | 4.35 (1.73 to 10.92) | 8.61 (1.15 to 64.28) | Reference level |
| 55–64 years | 9.21 (3.76 to 22.5) | 20.80 (2.88 to 150.45) | 3.14 (1.45 to 6.83) |
| Gender | |||
| Females | Reference level | Reference level | Reference level |
| Males | 2.15 (1.58 to 2.95) | 2.12 (1.32 to 3.41) | 1.99 (0.97 to 4.10) |
| Education | |||
| Above G.C.E. Ordinary Level | Reference level | Reference level | Reference level |
| Below G.C.E. Ordinary Level | 1.55 (1.15 to 2.11) | 1.13 (0.71 to 1.80) | 1.27 (0.63 to 2.57) |
| Occupation | |||
| Elementary occupations | Reference level | Reference level | Reference level |
| Administrative and professional | 0.44 (0.21 to 0.91) | 0.54 (0.17 to 1.78) | 0.22 (0.04 to 1.10) |
| Clerical and technical | 0.61 (0.34 to 1.06) | 0.84 (0.33 to 2.13) | 0.29 (0.09 to 0.91) |
| Unemployed | 0.54 (0.32 to 0.88) | 0.70 (0.30 to 1.65) | 0.27 (0.10 to 0.68) |
| Monthly family income | |||
| Upper income quartiles | Reference level | Reference level | Reference level |
| Lowest income quartile | 1.95 (1.37 to 2.78) | 1.86 (1.08 to 3.22) | 2.08 (0.93 to 4.69) |
| Smoking | |||
| Non-smoker | Reference level | Reference level | Reference level |
| Ex-smoker | 3.20 (2.23 to 4.60) | 3.20 (1.86 to 5.50) | 2.64 (1.09 to 6.42) |
| Current smoker | 1.97 (1.34 to 2.88) | 1.62 (0.88 to 2.99) | 2.19 (0.94 to 5.12) |
| Alcohol | |||
| Non-harmful alcohol user | Reference level | Reference level | Reference level |
| Harmful alcohol user | 1.80 (1.29 to 2.51) | 1.81 (1.09 to 3.01) | 1.76 (0.81 to 3.83) |
| BMI | |||
| BMI <25 kg/m2 | Reference level | Reference level | Reference level |
| BMI ≥25 kg/m2 | 0.81 (0.59 to 1.11) | 0.98 (0.61 to 1.58) | 1.10 (0.54 to 2.25) |
| Waist circumference | |||
| Males ≤90 cm, Females ≤80 cm | Reference level | Reference level | Reference level |
| Males >90 cm, Females >80 cm | 0.72 (0.53 to 0.98) | 0.84 (0.53 to 1.34) | 0.88 (0.43 to 1.78) |
| Diabetes | 3.03 (2.24 to 4.11) | 3.95 (2.48 to 6.27) | 2.41 (1.18 to 4.92) |
| Hypertension | 1.69 (1.25 to 2.30) | 2.61 (1.60 to 4.26) | 1.80 (0.88 to 3.67) |
| Dyslipidaemia | 0.97 (0.71 to 1.33) | 1.19 (0.73 to 1.96) | 0.73 (0.35 to 1.50) |
Bold statistics indicate significant variables - that is, 1 is not included in the 95% CI.
*The age groups 35 to 44 years, 45 to 54 years and 55 to 64 years have been sampled in 1:2:2 ratio
BMI, body mass index; G.C.E., General Certificate of Education.