Table 2.

Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios of incident CVD according to the 1-SD increase in TyG-index, stratified by gender: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

Variables	Male (n = 4154)		Female (n = 3367)		Total (n = 7521)
	HR (95% CI)	P value	HR (95% CI)	P value	HR (95% CI)	P value
TyG-index	1.11 (1.01–1.22)	0.040	1.23 (1.09–1.39)	0.001	1.16 (1.07–1.25)	< 0.001
Age (years)	1.06 (1.05–1.06)	< 0.001	1.05 (1.04–1.06)	< 0.001	1.05 (1.05–1.06)	< 0.001
WC (cm)	1.01 (1.00-1.03)	0.105	1.02 (1.00-1.03)	0.022	1.02 (1.01–1.03)	0.004
BMI (kg/m2)	0.98 (0.93–1.02)	0.261	0.98 (0.94–1.01)	0.155	0.97 (0.95–1.00)	0.052
Education (years)
< 6	Reference		Reference		Reference
6–12	1.11 (0.92–1.35)	0.289	0.81 (0.61–1.07)	0.135	0.99 (0.85–1.16)	0.922
≥ 12	0.98 (0.75–1.29)	0.903	0.59 (0.30–1.16)	0.124	0.88 (0.69–1.12)	0.299
Smoking
Never	Reference		Reference		Reference
Past	1.37 (1.12–1.69)	0.003	1.01 (0.63–1.61)	0.983	1.31 (1.09–1.57)	0.005
Current	1.67 (1.39–2.02)	< 0.001	1.62 (1.07–2.46)	0.023	1.67 (1.41–1.97)	< 0.001
Low physical activity	1.05 (0.88–1.25)	0.608	1.11 (0.90–1.38)	0.333	1.07 (0.94–1.23)	0.301
FH-CVD	1.37 (1.10–1.70)	0.004	1.58 (1.28–1.96)	< 0.001	1.47 (1.26–1.71)	< 0.001
T2D	1.73 (1.39–2.15)	< 0.001	1.80 (1.41–2.30)	< 0.001	1.78 (1.51–2.09)	< 0.001
Hypertension	1.60 (1.34–1.91)	< 0.001	1.65 (1.34–2.04)	< 0.001	1.64 (1.43–1.87)	< 0.001
Lipid drug	0.97 (0.63–1.50)	0.895	1.20 (0.90–1.61)	0.208	1.12 (0.88–1.42)	0.346
LDL-C (mmol/L)	1.37 (1.25–1.49)	< 0.001	1.18 (1.07–1.29)	0.001	1.28 (1.21–1.37)	< 0.001
HDL-C (mmol/L)	0.76 (0.53–1.10)	0.146	0.87 (0.60–1.25)	0.439	0.82 (0.63–1.06)	0.133
Gender (female)	–	–	–	–	0.57 (0.49–0.66)	<0.001

CVD cardiovascular disease, SD standard deviation, TyG-index triglyceride glucose-index, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, WC waist circumference, BMI body mass index, FH-CVD family history of CVD, T2D type 2 diabetes, LDL-C low density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C high density lipoprotein cholesterol