Figure 1. Cardiomyocyte cohesion regulation by different signaling pathways.

(A) Dissociation assays in HL-1 cardiomyocytes under basal and Ca²⁺-depleted conditions. *P ≤ 0.05, unpaired Student’s t test, n = 8. (B) Representative Western blots showing changes in signaling pathways between basal and Ca²⁺-depleted conditions. Fold changes in phosphorylation compared with –EGTA (basal conditions) are indicated. *P ≤ 0.05, unpaired Student’s t test, n = 6. (C) Dissociation assays in HL-1 cells, showing fold change of the number of fragments after treatment with F/R, Iso, PMA, SB20, or Aniso under basal (–EGTA) or Ca²⁺-depleted (+EGTA) conditions as compared with respective controls. DMSO serves as control for SB20. *P ≤ 0.05, 1-way ANOVA with Holm-Šidák correction, n = 6. (D) Dissociation assays in cardiac slice cultures obtained from WT mice in basal and Ca²⁺-depleted conditions. *P ≤ 0.05, unpaired Student’s t test, n = 8. (E) Dissociation assays in cardiac slice cultures obtained from WT mice, showing fold change of the number of dissociated cells after treating with F/R, Iso, SB20, PMA, or Aniso under basal and Ca²⁺-depleted conditions, normalized to the respective control slices. *P ≤ 0.05, 1-way ANOVA with Holm-Šidák correction, n = 6.