Table 3.

Univariate analysis of image quality

Handheld nonmydriatic fundus camera
Nonmydriasis
	n (%)	p
Age
<65 y/≥65 y	13 (21.3)/8 (22.2)	0.916
Gender
Male/female	11 (23.9)/10 (19.6)	0.607
Pupil diameter
≤4 mm/>4 mm	14 (20.9)/0 (0.0)	0.578
Lens condition
Cataract/clear lens or pseudophakia	4 (57.1)/13 (18.8)	0.041*
Diabetes
Yes/no	5 (45.5)/16 (18.6)	0.056

^*p < 0.05.