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a) The deprotonated species 30 can coordinate a metal counter-ion forming a pseudo 6-membered ring stabilized by resonance forms. This may hinder the nucleophilic attack of hydroxide anions, preventing the saponification of the ester. b) The acetylacetonate (acac−) anion 31 which is often used as a bidentate ligand in inorganic metal complexes.
