Within-species synteny scores over time and between individuals. Pairwise synteny scores for genomic regions of the three Bifidobacterium species for which sufficient read depth was generated for synteny analyses. Plots show all pairwise comparisons, separated by the category of comparison: intra (same person over time), same family (comparisons between twin siblings), and unrelated (comparisons between unrelated people). Species are B. adolescentis (A), B. longum (B), and B. bifidum (C). Boxplots show median and quartiles, while red diamond shows mean. For each species, all regions were combined into a single analysis. Significance levels are Wilcoxon rank sum tests. ns, P > 0.05; *, P ≤ 0.05; **, P ≤ 0.01; ***, P ≤ 0.001; ****, P ≤ 0.0001.