Table 1.
Several vaccine candidates for SARS-CoV-2 in clinical phase.
| Candidate | Vaccine Characteristics | Lead Developer | Status | Clinical Trial Identifier |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mRNA-1273 | Lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated mRNA-based vaccine that encodes for the S protein. | Moderna | Phase III | NCT04470427 |
| Inactivated vaccine | Inactivated novel Coronavirus pneumonia vaccine (Vero cells). | Sinopharm | Phase III | ChiCTR2000034780 |
| CoronaVac | β-propiolactone-inactivated and alum-adjuvanted candidate vaccine. | Sinovac | Phase III | NCT04456595 |
| AZD1222 | Genetically altered and weakened chimpanzee adenovirus vaccine vector carrying the S protein. | The University of Oxford | Phase II/III | NCT04400838 |
| Ad5-nCoV | Adenovirus type 5 vector that expresses S protein. | CanSino Biologicals | Phase II | NCT04341389 |
| Adjuvanted Recombinant Vaccine | Recombinant new Coronavirus vaccine produced in CHO Cells. | Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biologic Pharmacy | Phase II | NCT04466085 |
| Ad26COVS1 | Non-replicating Adenovirus type 26 vector. | Johnson & Johnson - Janssen | Phase I/II | NCT04436276 |
| BNT162 | 4 mRNA vaccine candidates including uridine containing mRNA, nucleoside-modified mRNA, and self-amplifying mRNA that encodes trimerized S protein receptor binding domain antigen formulated with lipid nanoparticles. | BioNTech RNA Pharmaceuticals GmbH | Phase I/II | NCT04380701 |
| INO-4800 | DNA plasmid encoding S protein delivered by electroporation. | Inovio Pharmaceuticals | Phase I/II | NCT04447781 |
| NVX-CoV2373 | Recombinant S protein in prefusion state expressed in genetically engineered Sf9 insect cells and incorporated into a nanoparticle formulation and saponin-based Matrix-M adjuvant. | Novavax | Phase I/II | NCT04368988 |
| GX-19 | DNA vaccine candidate. | Genexine | Phase I/II | NCT04445389 |
| Gam-COVID-Vac | Non-replicating viral vector. | Gamaleya Research Institute | Phase I/II | NCT04437875 |
| LV-SMENP-DC | Dendritic cells modified with lentiviral vector expressing synthetic minigene based on domains of selected viral proteins; administered with antigen-selected viral proteins. | Shenzhen Geno-Immune Medical Institute | Phase I/II | NCT04276896 |
| bacTRL-Spike | DNA plasmid expressing trimeric S protein and a hybrid transporter protein within Bifidobacterium longum. | Symvivo Corporation | Phase I | NCT04334980 |
| CVnCOV | mRNA-based vaccine mixed with lipid nanoparticles. | CureVac | Phase I | NCT04449276 |
| SCB-2019 | Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 trimeric S protein subunit vaccine. | Clover Biopharmaceuticals | Phase I | NCT04405908 |
| COVAX-19 | Adjuvanted monovalent recombinant COVID19 vaccine. | Vaxine Pty Ltd. | Phase I | NCT04453852 |
| Pathogen-specific aAPC | Artificial antigen-presenting cells modified with lentiviral vector expressing synthetic minigene based on domains of selected viral proteins. | Shenzhen Geno-Immune Medical Institute | Phase I | NCT04299724 |
| Adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 Sclamp Protein Subunit Vaccine | Molecular clamp stabilized Spike protein with MF59 adjuvant | University of Queensland | Phase I | ACTRN12620000674932 |