Table 2.
Established associations of 14 risk factors with type 2 diabetes in a review of previous MR studies using the latest DIAGRAM consortium (74,124 cases and 824,006 controls)
| Risk factor | PMID | Year | SNPs | OR | 95% CI | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Resting heart rate | 31648709 [77] | 2019 | Genetic score | 1.12 | 1.11, 1.12 | 10 beats/min |
| α-Linolenic acid | 31690987 [78] | 2019 | 1 | 0.93 | 0.90, 0.96 | SD |
| Eicosapentaenoic acid | 31690987 [78] | 2019 | 2 | 1.08 | 1.03, 1.12 | SD |
| Docosapentaenoic acid | 31690987 [78] | 2019 | 2 | 1.04 | 1.02, 1.07 | SD |
| Linoleic acid | 31690987 [78] | 2019 | 3 | 0.96 | 0.94, 0.98 | SD |
| Arachidonic acid | 31690987 [78] | 2019 | 2 | 1.03 | 1.02, 1.05 | SD |
| Palmitoleic acid | 31690987 [78] | 2019 | 4 | 0.86 | 0.81, 0.91 | SD |
| Oleic acid | 31690987 [78] | 2019 | 1 | 0.87 | 0.81, 0.93 | SD |
| Stearic acid | 31690987 [78] | 2019 | 3 | 1.09 | 1.09, 1.15 | SD |
| 25-hydroxyvitamin D | 31548248 [79] | 2019 | 7 | 0.94 | 0.88, 0.99 | SD |
| Smoking initiation | 31852999 [26] | 2019 | 377 | 1.28 | 1.20, 1.37 | NA |
| Fat free mass (women) | 30798333 [80] | 2019 | 311 | 0.91 | 0.84, 0.99 | SD |
| Depression a | 32270255 [48] | 2020 | 89 | 1.26 | 1.10, 1.43 | Prevalence |
| Education years a | medRχiv [49] | 2020 | 1263 | 0.53 | 0.50, 0.57 | SD |
aResults for depression and education years were not from review and from our previous studies. The study on depression has been published, however the study on education years has not yet been officially published. The doi for education paper: 10.1101/2020.02.01.20020008
NA, not available