Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies.
| Study | Year | District | Patients with/without carmustine | Adjuvant therapy (with/without carmustine) | Study design | Medication method | Grade of glioma | Quality of studies(score) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Affronti et al. (23) | 2009 | Occident | 36/49 | RT and concurrent TMZ plus rotational chemotherapy. | Cohort | Resection cavity | GBM | NOS (9) |
| Autran et al. (24) | 2019 | France | 15/7 | TMZ/Other treatment | Cohort | Intravenous | Gliomatosis | NOS (8) |
| Brem et al. (14) | 1995 | USA | 72/73 | RT and systemic chemotherapy | RCT | Resection cavity | GBM | Jadad (5) |
| Chaichana et al. (25) | 2010 | USA | 148/192 | Adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy | Cohort | Intravenous | GBM | NOS (7) |
| Chaichana et al. (26) | 2014 | USA | 64/195 | RT and TMZ | Cohort | Resection cavity | GBM | NOS (8) |
| De Bonis et al. (15) | 2012 | Italy | 10/67 | Adjuvant therapy with TMZ | RCT | Resection cavity | GBM | Jadad (4) |
| 2012 | Italy | 17/71 | Adjuvant therapy with TMZ | RCT | Resection cavity | GBM | Jadad (4) | |
| Esquenazi et al. (21) | 2017 | USA | 42/44 | Adjuvant radiotherapy and concomitant TMZ therapy | Cohort | Resection cavity | GBM | NOS (9) |
| 2017 | USA | 42/44 | Adjuvant radiotherapy and concomitant TMZ therapy | Cohort | Resection cavity | GBM | NOS (9) | |
| Jungk et al. (27) | 2016 | Germany | 34/29 | RT and TMZ | Cohort | Intravenous | GBM | NOS (8) |
| Kunwar et al. (28) | 2010 | Europe | 93/183 | Adjuvant therapy | RCT | Resection cavity | GBM | Jadad (4) |
| Loureiro et al. (20) | 2015 | Israel | 33/82 | RT and sequencing chemotherapy/ RT concurrent with chemotherapy | Cohort | Intravenous | GBM | NOS (8) |
| Louvel et al. (29) | 2016 | France | 254/438 | Standard combined chemoradiotherapy | Cohort | Intravenous | GBM | NOS (8) |
| McGirt et al. (30) | 2009 | USA | — | TMZ administered with radiotherapy | Cohort | Resection cavity | Anaplastic glioma | NOS (7) |
| Pallud et al. (22) | 2015 | France | 354/433 | Chemoradiation standard protocol | RCT | Resection cavity | GBM | Jadad (5) |
| Pavlov et al. (31) | 2015 | France | 50/33 | Stupp regimen | Cohort | Resection cavity | GBM | NOS (7) |
| Price et al. (32) | 2012 | UK | 94/202 | Radiotherapy and Stupp protocol | Cohort | Resection cavity | GBM | NOS (6) |
| Roux et al. (6) | 2017 | France | 123/217 | Standard combined chemoradiotherapy | RCT | Resection cavity | GBM | Jadad (5) |
| Sage et al. (33) | 2018 | UK | 78/182 | Temozolomide-based chemoradiotherapy protocol | Cohort | Resection cavity | GBM | NOS (8) |
| 2018 | UK | 76/76 | Temozolomide-based chemoradiotherapy protocol | Cohort | Resection cavity | GBM | NOS (8) | |
| Schold et al. (16) | 1993 | Occident | 128/121 | Radiotherapy | RCT | Intravenous | Anaplastic glioma | Jadad (3) |
| Sun et al. (17) | 2015 | USA | 4/204 | Radiotherapy and concurrent temozolomide chemotherapy | RCT | Intravenous | GBM | Jadad (4) |
| 2015 | USA | 9/199 | Radiotherapy and concurrent temozolomide chemotherapy | RCT | Resection cavity | GBM | Jadad (4) | |
| Valtonen et al. (18) | 1997 | Northern Europe | 5/1 | Standard radiotherapy | RCT | Resection cavity | GBM | Jadad (4) |
| Westphal et al. (19) | 2003 | Europe | 101/106 | Radiotherapy | RCT | Resection cavity | GBM | Jadad (5) |
| Zanello et al. (34) | 2017 | France | 194/583 | Standard combined radiochemotherapy | Cohort | Resection cavity | GBM | NOS (8) |
GBM, Glioblastoma multiforme; RCT, Randomized controlled trial; NOS, Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.