Table 3.
Comparison between LVO vs. non-LVO (Descriptive).
| LVO vs. non-LVO groups (Descriptive analysis) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients with LVO syndromes | Patients with non-LVO syndromes | |||||||||
| Statistical measure | Percentage | Mean | SD | Median | IQR | Percentage | Mean | SD | Median | IQR |
| Demographics and vascular history | ||||||||||
| Age | 54 | 15.79 | 55 | 23 | 68.5 | 9.04 | 65.5 | 14 | ||
| Sex | 100.00% | 37.50% | ||||||||
| Race | 50.00% | 50.00% | ||||||||
| Vascular risk factors (n) | 1.5 | 1.07 | 2 | 1.25 | 2.13 | 1.46 | 2 | 2.25 | ||
| COVID history | ||||||||||
| Symptom duration (d) | 5.75 | 1.5 | 9.5 | 3.33 | 2 | |||||
| COVID awareness (Yes) | 37.50% | 12.50% | ||||||||
| Other systemic involved (Yes) | 37.50% | 50.00% | ||||||||
| Stroke history and acute imaging | ||||||||||
| Location at time of CVA (Inpatient) | 37.50% | 12.50% | ||||||||
| LKW-symptom detection (mins) | 573.75 | 526.36 | 450 | 727.5 | 915 | 816.76 | 630 | 1,143.75 | ||
| Symptoms detection-door (mins) | 188.5 | 300.03 | 81.5 | 170 | 444.75 | 780.41 | 194 | 242.5 | ||
| NIHSS (admission) | 21.5 | 7.54 | 22 | 5 | 10.75 | 5.8 | 9.5 | 5.75 | ||
| Door-CT (mins) | 45.67 | 52.49 | 26 | 42 | 18.67 | 10.78 | 16 | 11.75 | ||
| Stroke therapy and prophylaxis | ||||||||||
| IV tPA | 12.50% | 87.50% | ||||||||
| Stroke prophylaxis with anticoagulation | 37.50% | 25.00% | ||||||||
| Pre vs. post anticoagulation prophylaxis (Post) | 100.00% | 87.50% | ||||||||
| Laboratory results | ||||||||||
| NLR | 7.61 | 5.67 | 6.56 | 6.59 | 9.36 | 7.22 | 6.43 | 6.88 | ||
| WBC (×1,000/μL) | 11.1 | 11.2 | 7.5 | 2.25 | 9.03 | 3.45 | 7.85 | 6.1 | ||
| Platelets | 263.75 | 69.32 | 251 | 93.5 | 270.25 | 110.16 | 215.5 | 128.5 | ||
| D-dimer (ng/dL) | 5,323.17 | 4,099.19 | 5,727.00 | 6,780.50 | 4,473.00 | 3,760.67 | 4,134.50 | 6,423.50 | ||
| INR | 1.26 | 0.23 | 1.21 | 0.1 | 1.15 | 0.11 | 1.15 | 0.11 | ||
| PTT (s) | 29.83 | 4.81 | 29.75 | 1.9 | 36.65 | 16.47 | 30.3 | 3.35 | ||
| Procalcitonin (ng/mL) | 4.47 | 8.49 | 0.32 | 4.61 | 0.43 | 0.66 | 0.13 | 0.44 | ||
| CRP (mg/dL) | 34.78 | 52.42 | 15.15 | 12.33 | 14.33 | 9.96 | 14.7 | 14.65 | ||
| Ferritin (ng/mL) | 1,181.88 | 1,116.01 | 1,033.50 | 792.25 | 318.17 | 110.86 | 312 | 121 | ||
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 2.57 | 3.08 | 1.5 | 0.97 | 1.29 | 1.01 | 1.05 | 0.78 | ||
| LDH (U/L) | 1,226.60 | 1,200.15 | 857 | 209 | 1,482.33 | 896.76 | 1,109.50 | 817 | ||
| Troponin (ng/mL) | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.22 | 0.42 | 0.03 | 0.04 | ||
| CPK (U/L) | 6,909.00 | 16,213.29 | 202.5 | 513 | 616.2 | 591.5 | 267 | 849 | ||
| LDL (mg/dL) | 107.67 | 30.74 | 112 | 47.5 | 90.75 | 50.08 | 88 | 78.75 | ||
| Triglycerides (ng/mL) | 192.14 | 116.33 | 169 | 47.5 | 153 | 29.53 | 160 | 33 | ||
| Hemoglobin A1C (%) | 8.1 | 3.27 | 7.2 | 3.05 | 8.24 | 3 | 6.6 | 2.4 | ||
| Imaging (non-acute) | ||||||||||
| Ejection fraction (<30%) | 12.50% | 12.50% | ||||||||
| Etiology (Cryptogenic) | 62.50% | 12.50% | ||||||||
| mRS at discharge | 5 | 1.41 | 6 | 2.25 | 3.75 | 1.28 | 3.5 | 1.25 | ||
LVO, Large Vessel Occlusion; SD, Standard Deviation; IQR, Interquartile Range; n, number of; d, days; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; LKW, last known well; mins, minutes; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Score; CT, computed tomography; ASPECTS, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score; CTA, tPA, tissue plasminogen activator; NLR, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio; WBC, white blood cell count; INR, international normalized ratio; PTT, partial thromboplastin time; CRP, c-reactive protein; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; CPK, creatine phosphokinase; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; mRS, modified Rankin scale.