Table 7.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by bovine spermatozoa (RLU/sec/10⁶ sperm) in the absence (Ctrl) or presence of the Omija extract during different time periods.

Groups	0 h	2 h	24 h
Ctrl	2.22 ± 0.92	4.66 ± 0.99	15.56 ± 1.99
1 µg/mL	2.09 ± 0.67	4.00 ± 0.55	13.09 ± 1.44∗∗
5 µg/mL	2.00 ± 0.48	3.60 ± 0.72∗	12.01 ± 1.76∗∗∗
10 µg/mL	1.89 ± 0.62	3.55 ± 0.55∗	11.92 ± 1.34∗∗∗
25 µg/mL	2.00 ± 0.90	3.08 ± 0.88∗∗	10.75 ± 1.49∗∗∗
50 µg/mL	2.05 ± 0.69	3.77 ± 0.71∗	12.88 ± 1.77∗∗
75 µg/mL	2.75 ± 0.83	5.10 ± 0.98	16.89 ± 1.98

Mean ± S.D. (n = 30). ^∗∗∗-p < 0.001; ^∗∗-p < 0.01; ^∗-p < 0.05.