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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Rev Cardiol. 2020 Mar 30;17(8):457–473. doi: 10.1038/s41569-020-0359-y

Fig. 4 |. Single-cell characterization of the human adult heart.

Fig. 4 |

a | Single-cell sequencing enables characterization of tissue maturation changes in the human adult heart during the course of natural ageing, as well as in response to cardiac disease, such as structural and ischaemic cardiomyopathies. b | All cell types in the human heart can be analysed by single-cell sequencing, including but not limited to chamber-specific cardiomyocytes, vascular and immune cells within the coronary vessels and microvessels, nodal cells that constitute the cardiac conduction system, stromal cells such as fibroblasts and valvular epithelial cells, and rare cell populations resident in the adult heart such as melanocytes, neurons, and cardiac stem or progenitor cells.