Table 2.
Patient baseline characteristics according to their number of cardiometabolic conditions (diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia)
| Number of cardiometabolic conditions | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| None n = 100 |
One n = 96 |
Two or three n = 81 | p | |
| Age ≥ 70 years, n (%) | 16 (16.0) | 39 (40.6) | 52 (64.2) | < 0.001 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 62 (62.0) | 58 (60.4) | 50 (61.7) | 0.97 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.4 [23.4–27.8]* | 26.2 [24.6–28.7]** | 27.2 [24.9–29.4]*** | 0.12 |
| Smoking | ^ | ^^ | ^^^ | |
| Never, n (%) | 73 (82.95) | 66 (77.65) | 53 (75.71) | 0.57 |
| Ever, n (%) | 15 (17.05) | 19 (22.35) | 17 (24.29) | |
| Ex, n (%) | 11 (12.5) | 14 (16.47) | 15 (21.43) | 0.50# |
| Current, n (%) | 4 (4.55) | 5 (5.88) | 2 (2.86) | |
| Prior CV event, n (%) | 3 (3.0) | 8 (8.33) | 19 (23.75) | < 0.001 |
| Prior heart failure, n (%) | 3 (3.0) | 5 (5.21) | 11 (14.86) | 0.007 |
| Prior malignancy, n (%) | 4 (4.0) | 5 (5.21) | 7 (8.97) | 0.35 |
| Prior COPD, n (%) | 7 (7.0) | 12 (12.5) | 20 (25.0) | 0.002 |
| Plasma glucose (mg/dL) | 100 [90–114] | 112 [96–136] | 119 [100–159.5] | < 0.001 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.8 [0.7–1] | 0.88 [0.7–1.04] | 1.02 [0.74–1.50] | 0.010 |
| ESR (mm/hr) | 44.5 [36–55] | 24 [22–54] | 78 [41–93] | 0.10 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 2.29 [0.72–4.83] | 3.18 [0.99–9.64] | 4.58 [1.68–9.43] | 0.043 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) | 268 [216–318] | 273 [211–370] | 287 [223–382] | 0.39 |
| Fibrinogen (mg/dL) | 501.5 [404–800] | 464 [361–707] | 538 [417–738] | 0.46 |
| D-dimer (mg/L) | 416 [0.89–761.5] | 464 [13.2–1250] | 446 [2.2–1410] | 0.23 |
| White blood cell count (× 109/L) | 5.95 [4–8.48] | 6.09 [5.09–8.84] | 6.47 [4.64–8.21] | 0.62 |
| Lymphocyte count (× 109/L) | 1.11 [0.73–1.69] | 1.07 [0.68–1.66] | 1.08 [0.78–1.58] | 0.81 |
| Neutrophil count (× 109/L) | 3.97 [2.60–5.75] | 4.44 [3.14–6.52] | 4.33 [2.80.6.77] | 0.34 |
| Blood gas analysis | ||||
| pH | 7.46 [7.43–7.49] | 7.46 [7.42–7.49] | 7.45 [7.42–7.49] | 0.70 |
| PaO2/FIO2 ratio | 381 [319–462] | 350 [269–419] | 319 [240–398] | 0.002 |
| pCO2, mmHg | 34 [31–37] | 35 [32–39] | 35.2 [31–38] | 0.90 |
| HCO3, mmol/l | 24.2 [22.5–25.9] | 24.7` [22.4–26.0] | 24.0 [21.6–27.1] | 0.33 |
| Venous lactate, mmol/l | 1.1 [0.8–1.6] | 1.4 [0.9–6] | 1.6 [1.1–7] | < 0.001 |
#p-value for differences in never, ex and current smokers
CV, cardiovascular; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ESR, erythrocytes sedimentation rate; CRP, c-reactive protein; PaO2, arterial pO2; FIO2, fraction of inspired oxygen. Body mass index data available for *45, **54 and ***51 patients
Smoking data available for ^88, ^^85 and ^^^70 patients