Surface topography, surface roughness, surface area, and
contact
angle measurements for the surface-treated Mg samples of 1.9 A, 1.9
AA, EPD, and A-EPD. (a–d) Surface topography maps from 3D laser
scanning and the calculated surface roughness and surface area for
(a) 1.9 A, (b) 1.9 AA, (c) EPD, and (d) A-EPD samples. The scanning
area was 1045 μm × 1394 μm. (e) Contact angle measurements
for 1.9 A, 1.9 AA, EPD, and A-EPD samples, controls of Mg and Ti,
and glass references. Tryptic soy broth (TSB) droplets were used for
the contact angle measurements on all samples. The corresponding droplet
micrographs were shown on top of the contact angle data. Values are
mean ± standard deviation; n = 3. *p < 0.05.