Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of patients with FGF-23 below and above the median
| Fibroblast growth factor-23 | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Below the median | Above the median | ||
| Age (years) | 58 ± 11 | 59 ± 10 | 0.28 |
| Male sex | 84 (68) | 89 (72) | 0.49 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.7 ± 4.7 | 31.8 ± 4.4 | 0.06 |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 12 ± 8 | 13 ± 8 | 0.14 |
| Albuminuria | 37 (30) | 51 (41) | 0.08 |
| Retinopathy | 39 (32) | 32 (26) | 0.32 |
| Autonomic neuropathy | 27 (22) | 36 (29) | 0.19 |
| Peripheral neuropathy | 43 (35) | 60 (49) | 0.03 |
| Clinical SBP (mmHg) | 136 ± 15 | 139 ± 18 | 0.12 |
| Resting HR (bpm) | 72 ± 13 | 72 ± 11 | 0.94 |
| Coronary artery disease | 18 (15) | 22 (18) | 0.49 |
| Hypertension | 72 (59) | 97 (79) | < 0.001 |
| Active or former smoking | 81 (66) | 85 (69) | 0.53 |
| HbA1c (% [mmol/mol]) | 7.8 ± 1.4 (62 ± 15) | 7.9 ± 1.3 (63 ± 14) | 0.56 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 85 ± 5 | 82 ± 10 | 0.002 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.1 ± 0.9 | 1.9 ± 0.8 | 0.06 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 0.31 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.4 ± 1.2 | 4.2 ± 0.9 | 0.07 |
| proANP (pmol/L) | 56 (41–97) | 59 (44–105) | 0.45 |
| NT-proBNP (pmol/L) | 5.9 (5.9–10.8) | 5.9 (5.9–11.0) | 0.71 |
| Hs-TnT (ng/L) | 13 (13–15) | 13 (13–17) | 0.38 |
| Hs-CRP (mg/L) | 2.0 (1.0–4–6) | 2.3 (1.1–4.3) | 0.72 |
| Urine ACR (mg/mmol) | 16 (8–42) | 18 (8–60) | 0.23 |
| Medication | |||
| ACE inhibitor/ARB | 80 (65) | 98 (80) | 0.01 |
| Statins | 79 (64) | 87 (71) | 0.28 |
| SGLT-2 inhibitor | 43 (35) | 39 (32) | 0.59 |
| GLP-1 analogue | 54 (44) | 33 (27) | 0.005 |
| Insulin | 77 (63) | 69 (56) | 0.30 |
| Monotherapy | 22 (18) | 14 (11) | 0.21 |
| Dual therapy | 45 (47) | 46 (37) | 0.89 |
| Combination therapy | 54 (44) | 62 (50) | 0.31 |
Data presented as mean ± SD, median (Q1–Q3) or as n (%). ACR albumin creatinine ratio, ARB angiotensin receptor blocker, BMI body mass index, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, GLP-1 glucagon like peptide 1, HR heart rate, Hs-CRP high sensitivity C-reactive protein, Hs-TnT high sensitivity troponin T, NT-proBNP N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide, proANP atrial natriuretic peptide, SBP systolic blood pressure, SGLT-2 sodium-glucose cotransporter 2. Significant differences indicated in bold.