Table 2.
Sputum cytokine concentrations in patients and controls
| Cytokines | COPD/post-TB | COPD/tobacco | Control | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anti-cytokines (pg/mL) | ||||
| IL-1RA | 1945 (±873.1) | 1720 (±491.1) | 637.7 ± 191.3 | 0.046 |
| Pro-inflammatory cytokines (pg/mL) | ||||
| IL-1 α | 821.2 ± 205.7 | 1555 ± 360.7 | 539.1 ± 198.6 | 0.003 |
| IL-1β | 137.9 ± 65.25 | 296.4 ± 143.5 | 9.410 ± 3.781 | < 0.0001 |
| IL-6 | 9.966 ± 6.916 | 16.23 ± 7.768 | 11.64 ± 2.90 | 0.04 |
| IL-17A | 2.412 ± 0.41 | 1.54 ± 0.2650 | 1.421 ± 0.23 | 0.141 |
| TNF-α | 1.110 ± 0.5649 | 7.112 ± 4.542 | 1.880 ± 0.31 | 0.0095 |
| Chemokines (pg/mL) | ||||
| MCP-1 | 254.3 ± 101.4 | 657.8 ± 276.3 | 522.7 ± 69.00 | 0.08 |
| IL-8 | 103.0 ± 68.58 | 493.1 ± 244.9 | 135.5 ± 30.93 | 0.023 |
| MIP-1 α | 11.12 ± 6.6 | 10.20 ± 4.9 | 23.64 ± 6.2 | 0.1674 |
| MIP-1β | 224.1 ± 103.4 | 181.1 ± 63.57 | 81.65 ± 20.27 | 0.03 |
| GRO | 14,047 ± 13,020 | 1721 s ± 977.7 | 2563 ± 1617 | 0.05 |
| IP-10 | 420.8 ± 239.5 | 242.2 ± 123.9 | 848.4 ± 314.0 | 0.069 |
| sCD40L | 1.958 ± 0.384 | 1.506 ± 0.441 | 0.286 ± 0.164 | < 0.0001 |
| Growth factors (pg/mL) | ||||
| VEGF | 333.9 ± 136.5 | 435.2 ± 130.2 | 332 ± 155.8 | 0.02 |
| G-CSF | 237.1 ± 146.4 | 592.3 ± 227 | 774.3 ± 207.9 | 0.68 |
| GM-CSF | 1.920 ± 0.35 | 592.3 ± 400.6 | 1.55 ± 0.35 | 0.34 |
Meaning of abbreviations: pg/mL Picogram per milliliter, IL Interleukin, IL-1RA IL-1 receptor antagonist, TNF Tumor necrosis factor, GRO Growth regulated oncogene, G-CSF Ganulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor, GM-CSF Granunocyte Macrophage- CSF, IP Interferon-inductible protein, MIP Macrophage inflammatory protein, MCP Monocyte chemotactic protein, sCD40L Soluble cluster differentiation 40 ligand, VEGF Vascular endothelium growth factor