FIG 3.

HSV-1-mediated evasion of the IFNAR-JAK-STAT signaling pathway. The antiviral activities of IFN-I are initiated by binding to their cognate receptor IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 to trigger a signaling cascade, namely, JAK-STAT pathways. Viral proteins from HSV-1 interact with adaptors to block the signal transduction, and some proteins target ISGs directly for evasion of host antiviral immunity. Dashed lines indicate uncertain interactions that need to be studied further, or the underlying mechanism is unknown. P, phosphate.