Table 2.
Placental histopathology of study groups defined by third-trimester maternal serum 25 hydroxycholecalciferol status at cutoff of 32 ng/mL
| Pathology | ≤32 ng/mLn/Na (%) | >32 ng/mLn/N (%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal vascular malperfusion | |||
| Decidual vasculopathy | 1/16 (6.25) | 2/11 (18.2) | NS |
| Accelerated villous maturation | 0/16 (0) | 0/11 (0) | NS |
| Basal plate trophoblastic multinucleated giant cells | 7/16 (43.8) | 9/11 (81.8) | .047 |
| Retroplacental hematoma (abruptio) | 0/14 (0) | 2/11 (18.2) | NS |
| Distal villous hypoplasia | 1/16 (6.25) | 1/11 (9.1) | NS |
| Intervillous thrombi | 0/16 (0) | 1/11 (9.1) | NS |
| Villous agglutination | 2/16 (12.5) | 1/11 (9.1) | NS |
| Fetal vascular malperfusion | |||
| Avascular villi | 2/16 (12.5) | 0/11 (0) | NS |
| Infectious or inflammatory processes | |||
| Acute chorioamnionitis | 2/15 (13.3) | 0/11 | NS |
| Sub-acute chorioamnionitis | 1/15 (6.25) | 0/11 | NS |
| Chronic chorioamnionitis | 2/16 (12.5) | 0/11 (0) | NS |
| Chronic deciduitis | 4/16 (25) | 1/11 (9.1) | NS |
| Villitis of unknown etiology | 2/16 (12.5) | 1/11 (9.1) | NS |
| Others | |||
| Delayed villous maturation | 3/16 (18.8) | 0/11 (0) | NS |
| Villous edema | 8/16 (50) | 4/11 (36.4) | NS |
aN, total number of cases evaluated.