Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2020 Oct 1;3(1):36. doi: 10.5334/joc.125

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s)

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Effects from outnumbering and forewarning on damage from science denialism in public discussions in Experiment 3. Results reveal a significant mitigation of damage from denialism in individuals’ intention to get vaccinated and confidence in vaccination when forewarning was used. The mitigating effect was not a function of whether the advocate uses a rebuttal or remains silent. Comparison of the lower (3:3) and upper (5:1) panels reveals no evidence that outnumbering mitigated the damage from denialism on any outcome measure. The y-axes represent mean changes in attitude (left graph), intention (centre graph) and confidence (right graph) in POMP values. Descriptive data are provided in Supplementary Tables 2–4. The x-axes represent experimental conditions. Error bars represent 95% CIs. Dots indicate individual changes in individual participants’ outcome measures.