Figure 6.

Use of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated DNA barcode editing for lineage tracing. CRISPR/Cas9 system is used for editing specific DNA sequences (barcode; shown as violet bars) that are inherited by their progenies. With multiple rounds of such editing (genetic scarring), different cells accumulate different combinations of the “genetic scars” (shown as different colors on the barcodes). Retrieval of the genetic scars from the barcodes of each cell allows to understand the progressive divergence from common progenitors and thus used for construction of a lineage tree. Simultaneous RNA-seq from the same cells is used for precise cell-type and cell-state identification.