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Signaling of mGluRs. Within the three groups of metabotropic glutamate receptors, each group uses different signal transduction pathways, with group I receptors (R1, R5) activating Gq and thus the PLC/IP3 pathway to increase [Ca2+]I, with additional activation of Gs to stimulate AC and cAMP, while group II (R2, R3) and III (R4, R6, R7, R8) receptors work through Gi/o to inhibit AC and reduce cAMP.
