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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2020 Jul 1;51:34–42. doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2020.05.002

Figure 2.

Figure 2

PDEs facilitate formation and maintenance of cAMP signaling compartments.

Individual PDE isoforms are expressed in discrete subcellular locations where they regulate cyclic nucleotide signaling in specific signaling compartments. Some of these specific findings are illustrated here. Understanding the microdomains where these PDEs are expressed and the cellular functions they regulate can lead to more specific therapeutic approaches. See text for further detail.