MPL/TDCM does not elicit significant protection against TA3-Ha challenge in TLR4−/− and TRIF−/− mice. WT (a–e), TLR4−/− (b, n ≥ 15/group), MyD88−/− (c, n ≥ 6/group and d, n ≥ 7/group), TRIF−/− (d, n ≥ 10/group), and FcγR−/− mice (e, n ≥ 8/group) mice were challenged with 2.5 × 104 TA3-Ha cells ± MPL/TDCM on d0 and monitored for morbidity requiring euthanasia. In d, MyD88−/− were reared on antibiotic water. Experiments were repeated at least once, with similar results obtained. In a–e, p values indicate Log-rank results comparing survival curves of untreated and treated knockout mice. In a, b, d, and e, survival in treated WT mice was significantly greater (p < 0.05) than in non-treated WT mice