Fig. 1.

Low concentration IL-1β increases islet amyloid prevalence and severity in vitro. (a, b) Treatment of hIAPP-expressing mouse islets with IL-1β (0–4000 pg/ml) dose-dependently increases islet amyloid prevalence (% of islets containing amyloid) (a) and amyloid severity (% of amyloid-positive islet area) (b). (c, d) Induction of amyloid prevalence (c) and amyloid severity (d) were verified in separate experiments using only vehicle (black circles) and 4 pg/ml IL-1β (black squares). (e) Representative images of vehicle- and 4 pg/ml IL-1β-treated hIAPP-expressing mouse islets (insulin, red; amyloid, green; DNA, blue). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. n=3–7. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001. CTL, control (vehicle)