Table 3.

Brain regions in which pre-meal brain activation by food cues associated with change in BMI z-score by FBT.

Primary Gray Matter Anatomic Area of Z max A	B	MNI coordinatesC			Brodmann AreaD	Cluster Size (# voxels)	Z maxE	P	Other anatomic areas in clusterF
		x	y	z
Negative Association: Greater pre-meal brain activation is associated with greater reduction in BMI z-score
High-calorie foods > objects
Occipital Pole	R	20	−104	−1	18	15598	4.44	<0.0001	occipital pole (B), occipital fusiform gyrus, intracalcarine cortex, lingual gyrus
vm Prefrontal Cortex (Paracingulate Gyrus)	L	−9	45	−5	32	10361	5.25	<0.0001	vmPFC (paracingulate gyrus) (B), frontal medial cortex-mOFC (B), frontal orbital cortex, cingulate gyrus (B), frontal pole
Low-calorie foods > objects
Occipital Pole	R	7	−102	6	17	2620	3.35	0.01	-------
High-calorie foods > low-calorie foods
Vm Prefrontal Cortex (Paracingulate Gyrus)	L	−10	49	−3	32	2518	5.42	0.02	frontal medial cortex-mOFC (B), cingulate cortex (B), frontal pole
Positive Association: Greater pre-meal brain activation is associated with little or no change in BMI z-score
High-calorie foods > objects
Superior Precuneous Cortex	L	−17	−56	43	n/a	9444	4.32	<0.0001	precuneous cortex (B), superior parietal lobule, cingulate gyrus, postcentral gyrus (B), precentral Gyrus, lateral occipital cortex (R)
Inferior Precuneous Cortex	R	6	−53	6	n/a	4154	4.14	0.0008	cingulate gyrus (B), lingual gyrus, intracalcarine cortex
Lateral Occipital Cortex	L	−30	88	37	19	3071	4.12	0.007	-------
Lingual Gyrus	R	31	−45	−6	19	2742	3.99	0.01	temporal occipital fusiform cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, temporal fusiform cortex
Low-calorie foods > objects
Hippocampus	R	19	−15	−18	54	10615	4.20	<0.0001	parahippocampal gyrus, lingual gyrus, temporal occipital fusiform cortex, temporal fusiform cortex, amygdala, lateral occipital cortex, inferior temporal gyrus
Lateral Occipital Cortex	L	−52	−69	−1	19	3958	3.79	0.0006	middle temporal gyrus
Lingual Gyrus	L	−13	−51	−10	19	3726	3.84	0.001	temporal occipital fusiform cortex, temporal fusiform cortex, parahippocampal gyrus
Inferior Precuneous Cortex	R	6	−55	7	18	3106	3.30	0.004	lingual gyrus, cingulate gyrus, intracalcarine cortex
High-calorie foods > low-calorie foods
Superior Precuneous Cortex	L	−11	−50	45	31	9169	3.88	<0.0001	precuneous cortex (B), precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, lateral occipital cortex

A negative association indicates greater pre-meal brain activation in identified clusters (by contrast indicated) is associated with greater reduction in BMI z-score by FBT. A positive association indicates greater pre-meal brain activation in identified clusters (by contrast indicated) is associated with little or no change in BMI z-score by FBT. Cerebellum was not included in cluster analyses.

^AHarvard-Oxford Atlas identified regions of local maximum (*if local maximum appeared in white matter closest gray matter structure within cluster is listed),

^BHemisphere of local maximum (L: Left, R: Right),

^CMontreal Neurological Institute (MNI) coordinates of peak location,

^DBrodmann area of local maximum,

^Emaximum Z-score,

^FOther areas identified within the cluster (areas listed are ipsilateral to primary area unless otherwise indicated; L: Left hemisphere, R: Right hemisphere, B: Bilateral; regions in bold were included in functional-anatomic a priori regions of interest analyses (See Supplemental Figure 1). Z-statistic images were corrected for multiple comparisons with a cluster-threshold correction (individual voxel threshold Z=2.3, corrected cluster significant threshold P=0.05).