Figure 1.

Immunological outline of peritoneal dissemination in GC. DCs, Mφ and NK cells are the innate immune cells directly defend against cancer. DCs and Mφ interact with T cells by further presenting GC antigens to different types of T cells and inducing or disabling immune responses to GC. While GC cells program T cells and M2 Mφ to express immune checkpoint molecules for making effector T cells into exhaustion and modifying Treg to suppress immunity in tumor-infiltrating environments. Immune cells normally secret cytokines to restrict cancer growth. However, the suppressive T cells are unable to produce these cytokines., enhanced peritoneal metastasis in GC;, inhibited peritoneal metastasis in GC. GC, gastric cancer.