Table II.
Place of work, procedure and protection details of healthcare workers
| Cases (n1=378) (%) | Controls (n2=373) (%) | OR | 95% CI of OR | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ICU with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases on ventilator | |||||
| Yes | 53 (14.02) | 40 (10.72) | 1.36 | 0.88-2.1 | 0.17 |
| No | 325 (85.98) | 333 (89.28) | Ref | ||
| Nasopharyngeal swab collection | |||||
| Yes | 18 (4.76) | 22 (5.9) | 0.8 | 0.42-1.51 | 0.488 |
| No | 360 (95.24) | 351 (94.1) | Ref | ||
| Endotracheal intubation | |||||
| Yes | 22 (5.82) | 9 (2.41) | 2.5 | 1.13-5.5 | 0.01 |
| No | 356 (94.18) | 364 (97.59) | Ref | ||
| Respiratory tract suctioning | |||||
| Yes | 15 (3.97) | 20 (5.36) | 0.73 | 0.37-1.45 | 0.365 |
| No | 363 (96.03) | 353 (94.64) | Ref | ||
| Handling clinical specimen (stool, blood, bronchoalveolar lavage) | |||||
| Yes | 42 (11.11) | 46 (12.33) | 0.89 | 0.57-1.39 | 0.603 |
| No | 336 (88.89) | 327 (87.67) | Ref | ||
| PPE usage | |||||
| Never used | 57 (15.08) | 17 (4.56) | 3.72 | 2.12-6.52 | <0.001 |
| Used in all or some cases | 321 (84.92) | 356 (95.44) | Ref | ||
| Use of PPE gears | |||||
| Masks | |||||
| Any mask use | 310 (82.01) | 346 (92.76) | 0.35 | 0.22-0.57 | <0.001 |
| No mask use | 68 (17.99) | 27 (7.24) | Ref | ||
| Cap | |||||
| Yes | 166 (43.92) | 196 (47.45) | 0.7 | 0.53-0.94 | 0.018 |
| No | 212 (56.08) | 177 (52.55) | Ref | ||
| Gown | |||||
| Yes | 152 (40.21) | 194 (52.01) | 0.62 | 0.46-0.83 | 0.001 |
| No | 226 (59.79) | 179 (47.99) | Ref | ||
| Shoe cover use | |||||
| Yes | 133 (35.19) | 127 (34.05) | 1.05 | 0.78-1.42 | 0.743 |
| No | 245 (64.81) | 246 (65.95) | Ref | ||
| Face shield or goggles | |||||
| Yes (either or both) | 163 (43.12) | 180 (48.26) | 0.81 | 0.61-1.08 | 0.158 |
| No (none) | 215 (56.88) | 193 (51.74) | Ref | ||
| Gloves | |||||
| Yes | 267 (70.63) | 322 (86.33) | 0.38 | 0.26-0.55 | <0.001 |
| No | 111 (29.37) | 51 (13.67) | Ref |
PPE, personal protective equipment; ICU, intensive care unit