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Local liver cytokine production in IBD mice and the effect of cecropin A and antibiotic treatment in DSS-treated mice. Protein concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 per milligram of liver tissue by ELISA in the DSS group (n = 9), control group (n = 9), cecropin A group (CA, n = 9), and gentamicin group (GA, n = 9). The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and presented as the mean ± SEM with ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, ∗∗∗P < 0.001 versus DSS.
