Fig. 2.

Identification of opportunistic oral pathogens in a specimen with evidence of oral disease. (a) Sampling site from a caries lesion from the bear specimen Ua9. (b) Kraken2 CLR normalized abundance of potentially cariogenic bacteria (Streptococcus and Lactobacillus species) and periodontal pathogens (Treponema denticola, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Tannerella forsythia, highlighted in red text). Taxa that were not detected in a sample are colored gray. The caries bear Ua9 is highlighted in bold text. (c) Relative abundance of MetaCyc metabolic pathways involved in sugar fermentation to acids in brown bear samples (P461-PWY: hexitol fermentation to lactate, formate, ethanol, and acetate; PWY-5100: pyruvate fermentation to acetate and lactate). Relative contribution of bacterial species to each pathway in each sample is shown, where known. Note the differences in y axis scale for each pathway.