Table 2.
Impact factors of HIV self-testing (HIVST) adherence.
| Characteristic | Proportion, % (n/N)a | ORb (95%CI) | P value | AORc (95%CI) | P value | ||
| Demographic and social characteristics | |||||||
|
|
Age (years) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤25 | 9.1 (33/362) | 1.00 | N/Ad | 1.00 | N/A |
|
|
|
26-40 | 8.8 (46/525) | 0.99 (0.61-1.59) | .96 | 0.99 (0.58-1.70) | .98 |
|
|
|
≥41 | 12.1 (52/428) | 1.44 (0.90-2.30) | .13 | 1.66 (0.96-2.90) | .07 |
|
|
Marital status |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Married | 6.8 (15/222) | 1.00 | N/A | 1.00 | N/A |
|
|
|
Unmarried | 10.7 (111/1038) | 1.65(0.94-2.88) | .08 | 2.31 (1.13-4.71) | .02 |
|
|
|
Divorced or widowed | 9.1 (5/55) | 1.36 (0.47-3.92) | .57 | 1.27 (0.41-3.94) | .68 |
|
|
Education |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Junior high school or below | 8.5 (16/188) | 1.00 | N/A | 1.00 | N/A |
|
|
|
High school | 8.5 (24/284) | 0.99 (0.51-1.92) | .98 | 0.89 (0.44-1.80) | .74 |
|
|
|
University/college or above | 10.8 (91/843) | 1.30 (0.75-2.27) | .35 | 0.96 (0.52-1.79) | .91 |
| Sexual behaviors | |||||||
|
|
Age of first anal sex with a man (years) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤18 | 8.6 (32/373) | 1.00 | N/A | 1.00 | N/A |
|
|
|
19-25 | 10.3 (71/689) | 1.24 (0.80-1.93) | .33 | 1.23 (0.76-1.98) | .41 |
|
|
|
26-40 | 11.3 (23/203) | 1.35 (0.77-2.38) | .30 | 1.69 (0.86-3.31) | .13 |
|
|
|
≥41 | 10.0 (5/50) | 1.05 (0.36-3.08) | .93 | 1.55 (0.46-5.20) | .48 |
|
|
Sex role |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insertive only | 11.8 (56/475) | 1.00 | N/A | 1.00 | N/A |
|
|
|
Receptive only | 9.3 (30/322) | 0.77 (0.48-1.23) | .27 | 0.88 (0.52-1.48) | .63 |
|
|
|
Both | 8.7 (45/518) | 0.71 (0.47-1.08) | .11 | 0.79 (0.51-1.24) | .31 |
|
|
Place for seeking sexual partners |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Offline venues (eg, bars, parks) | 7.8 (21/269) | 1.00 | N/A | 1.00 | N/A |
|
|
|
Internet/software/app | 10.5 (110/1046) | 1.39 (0.85-2.26) | .19 | 1.50 (0.89-2.54) | .13 |
|
|
Number of regular man sexual partners in the past 6 months | ||||||
|
|
|
0 | 9.4 (51/543) | 1.00 | N/A | 1.00 | N/A |
|
|
|
1 | 9.7 (50/514) | 1.04 (0.69-1.57) | .85 | 0.87 (0.54-1.40) | .57 |
|
|
|
2 | 14.4 (25/174) | 1.62 (0.97-2.70) | .07 | 1.35 (0.72-2.54) | .36 |
|
|
|
3 or above | 6.0 (5/84) | 0.61 (0.24-1.58) | .31 | 0.50 (0.18-1.39) | .19 |
|
|
Number of casual man sexual partners (with no money transaction) in the past 6 months | ||||||
|
|
|
0 | 9.3 (68/735) | 1.00 | N/A | 1.00 | N/A |
|
|
|
1 | 9.5 (28/295) | 1.03 (0.65-1.63) | .91 | 0.92 (0.54-1.55) | .75 |
|
|
|
2 | 13.9 (23/165) | 1.59 (0.96-2.64) | .07 | 1.12 (0.62-2.05) | .70 |
|
|
|
3 or above | 10.0 (12/120) | 1.09 (0.57-2.08) | .79 | 1.12 (0.53-2.33) | .77 |
|
|
Had sex with male sex workers in the past 6 months | ||||||
|
|
|
No | 9.8 (123/1256) | 1.00 | N/A | 1.00 | N/A |
|
|
|
Yes | 13.6 (8/59) | 1.45 (0.67-3.11) | .35 | 1.56 (0.66-3.71) | .31 |
|
|
Had sex with women in the past 6 months | ||||||
|
|
|
No | 10.5 (116/1109) | 1.00 | N/A | 1.00 | N/A |
|
|
|
Yes | 7.3 (15/206) | 0.67 (0.38-1.18) | .16 | 0.84 (0.45-1.58) | .59 |
|
|
Drug use for enhancing sex in the past 6 months | ||||||
|
|
|
No | 9.3 (93/1004) | 1.00 | N/A | 1.00 | N/A |
|
|
|
Yes | 12.2 (38/311) | 1.36 (0.91-2.04) | .13 | 1.20 (0.75-1.92) | .44 |
| STDse | |||||||
|
|
Have other STDs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
No | 9.9 (117/1180) | 1.00 | N/A | 1.00 | N/A |
|
|
|
Yes | 10.4 (14/135) | 1.05 (0.58-1.89) | .87 | 1.03 (0.54-1.94) | .94 |
|
|
Number of HIVSTs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 times or below | 5.5 (55/992) | 1.00 | N/A | 1.00 | N/A |
|
|
|
3 times | 16.8 (26/155) | 3.43 (2.08-5.67) | <.001 | 3.36 (2.01-5.63) | <.001 |
|
|
|
4 times or above | 29.8 (50/168) | 7.22 (4.70-11.08) | <.001 | 7.30 (4.67-11.42) | <.001 |
aProportion=number of participants in adherence group/total number of participants in the category.
bOR: odds ratio.
cAOR: adjusted odds ratio; all characteristics were adjusted in the multivariate logistic model.
dN/A: not applicable.
eSTD: sexually transmitted disease.