Table 3. Summary of Design and Key Results From RCTs Case-Control Studies That Include Atropine, 0.01%.
| Source | Design | Duration | Myopia range, D | Treatments | Mean (SD) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age range, y | Size | Duration | Baseline age, y | Average myopia, D | Myopia progression, D | Axial elongation, mm | ||||
| This study, 2020, Mainland China | RCT | 6-12 | 220 | 1 | −0.5 to −6 | A, 0.01% | 9.44 (1.80) | −2.52 (1.33) | −0.49 (0.42) | 0.32 (0.19) |
| Placebo | 9.84 (1.53) | −2.64 (1.46) | −0.76 (0.50) | 0.41 (0.19) | ||||||
| Chia et al,19 2012, Singapore | RCT | 6-12 | 400 | 2 | −2 to −6 | A, 0.5% | 9.7 (1.5) | −4.3 (1.8) | −0.30 (0.60) | 0.27 (0.25) |
| A, 0.1% | 9.7 (1.6) | −4.5 (1.4) | −0.38 (0.60) | 0.28 (0.28) | ||||||
| A, 0.01% | 9.5 (1.5) | −4.5 (1.5) | −0.49 (0.63) | 0.41 (0.32) | ||||||
| Clark et al,23 2015, United States | Retrospective | 6-15 | 60 | 1 | −0.25 to −8.00 | A, 0.01% | 10.2 (2.2) | −2.0 (1.6) | −0.1 (0.6) | NA |
| Placebo | 10.2 (2.2) | −2.0 (1.5) | −0.6 (0.4) | NA | ||||||
| Yam et al,24 2018, Hong Kong, China | RCT | 4-12 | 438 | 1 | At least −1.0 | A, 0.05% | 8.45 (1.81) | −3.98 (1.69) | −0.27 (0.61) | 0.20 (0.25) |
| A, 0.025% | 8.54 (1.71) | −3.71 (1.85) | −0.46 (0.45) | 0.29 (0.20) | ||||||
| A, 0.01% | 8.23 (1.83) | −3.77 (1.85) | −0.59 (0.61) | 0.36 (0.29) | ||||||
| Placebo | 8.42 (1.72) | −3.85 (1.95) | −0.81 (0.53) | 0.41 (0.22) | ||||||
| Sacchi et al,21 2019, Italy | Retrospective | 5-16 | 102 | 1 | NA | A, 0.01% | 9.7 (2.3) | −3.00 (2.23) | −0.54 (0.61) | NA |
| Placebo | 12.1 (2.9) | −2.63 (2.68) | −1.09 (0.64) | NA | ||||||
| Larkin et al,22 2019, United States | Retrospective | 6-15 | 198 | 2 | −0.25 to −8.00 | A, 0.01% | 9.3 (2.1) | −3.1 (1.9) | −0.2 (0.8) | NA |
| Placebo | 9.2 (2.1) | −2.8 (1.6) | −0.6 (0.4) | NA | ||||||
Abbreviations: A, atropine; NA, not applicable; RCT, randomized clinical trial.