TABLE 1.

List of important miRNAs involved in some HCoV infections.

Human coronavirus	Dysregulated miRNAs	Target molecules/pathway	References
HCoV-OC43 (N protein)	miR-9	Host NF-kβ pathway(activation)	Lai et al., 2014
SARS-CoV	[miRNAs-17*, -574-5p, and -214] (upregulation) miR-223 (downregulation) miR-98 (downregulation)	Viral replication (inhibition) Viral nucleocapsid (N) protein Viral spike (S) protein	Mallick et al., 2009
SARS-CoV-2	[miR-1307-3p miR-3613-5p] [hsa-let-7a, hsa-miR-101, hsa-miR-125a-5p, hsa-miR-126, hsa-miR-222, hsa-miR-23b, hsa-miR-378, hsa-miR-380-5 hsa-miR-98]	Viral 3′ UTR Host protein targets: Interferon β (IFN-β), ATP synthase F1 subunit β (ATP5B), Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2) Viral protein targets: Polymerase basic protein 2 (PB2) Polymerase acidic protein (PA) Non-structural protein (NS1) Nucleoprotein (NP) major capsid protein (VP1)]	Chen and Zhong, 2020; Sardar et al., 2020