Table 4.
Performance and self-reported measures of motor imagery practice (Mip) and control (CON) groups before and 1 month after surgery (per protocol analysis)
| Variable | PRE (N = 13) | POST (N = 13) | RDC (95% CI) | MBI | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MViC extension (Nm/kg) | Operated leg | MIp | 1.37 ± 0.35 | 0.80 ± 0.34 | 0.39 (0.03, 0.75) | Likely beneficial |
| CON | 1.51 ± 0.38 | 0.55 ± 0.25 | ||||
| Non-operated leg | MIp | 1.77 ± 0.32 | 1.77 ± 0.29 | − 0.03 (− 0.39, 0.33) | Possibly negative | |
| CON | 1.63 ± 0.36 | 1.66 ± 0.35 | ||||
| Voluntary muscle activation (%) | Operated leg | MIp | 80.08 ± 13.28 | 84.84 ± 9.75 | 21.26 (4.90, 37.62) | Very likely beneficial |
| CON | 80.86 ± 14.13 | 64.36 ± 20.85 | ||||
| Non-operated leg | MIp | 85.83 ± 9.48 | 81.42 ± 12.44 | − 6.05 (− 18.22, 6.12) | Unlikely negative | |
| CON | 82.44 ± 9.65 | 84.08 ± 12.78 | ||||
| Knee flexion (degrees) | Operated leg | MIp | 87.69 ± 9.66 | 82.31 ± 9.75 | 8.54 (− 6.04, 23.12) | Likely beneficial |
| CON | 86.23 ± 18.08 | 72.31 ± 14.28 | ||||
| Non-operated leg | MIp | 104.23 ± 8.16 | 106.54 ± 9.93 | 1.08 (− 10.57, 12.73) | Possibly beneficial | |
| CON | 105.54 ± 13.08 | 106.77 ± 11.10 | ||||
| Knee extension (degrees) | Operated leg | MIp | 4.31 ± 3.25 | 7.15 ± 3.74 | − 0.46 (− 4.39, 3.47) | Possibly negative |
| CON | 3.08 ± 2.63 | 6.38 ± 4.56 | ||||
| Non-operated leg | MIp | 2.54 ± 1.81 | 2.15 ± 1.86 | − 0.93 (− 3.02, 1.16) | Unlikely negative | |
| CON | 1.38 ± 1.56 | 1.92 ± 2.36 | ||||
| VAS score (points) | Operated leg | MIp | 53.85 ± 12.1 | 31.54 ± 12.14 | − 5.00 (− 19.49, 9.49) | Unlikely negative |
| CON | 54.62 ± 14.21 | 37.31 ± 14.67 | ||||
| Non-operated leg | MIp | 8.46 ± 8.99 | 1.54 ± 3.76 | − 0.39 (− 11.91, 11.13) | Possibly negative | |
| CON | 14.62 ± 13.61 | 7.31 ± 13.01 | ||||
| Hand grip strength, dominant arm (kg) | MIp | 39.77 ± 9.61 | 38.85 ± 7.41 | − 1.15 (− 12.29, 9.99) | Possibly negative | |
| CON | 36.54 ± 11.93 | 36.77 ± 11.41 | ||||
| TUG (s) | MIp | 7.48 ± 1.52 | 7.55 ± 1.22 | − 3.90 (− 6.02, − 1.78)* | Most likely beneficial | |
| CON | 7.57 ± 1.55 | 11.54 ± 3.01 | ||||
| OKS score (points) | MIp | 21.92 ± 5.25 | 27.08 ± 5.17 | 7.46 (1.72, 13.20) | Very likely beneficial | |
| CON | 22.38 ± 6.23 | 20.08 ± 4.27 |
BMI Body mass index, MBI Magnitude-based inference, RDC Raw mean difference in change
*Negative direction of effect means better result on test