Table 1.
Summary statistics for mental health professional consultation, mental health outcomes, sociodemographic, socioeconomic status, and behavioral variables by immigrant status (N=29,372,184).
| Outcome variables, n (%)a | Canadian born, n=21,933,493 (74.67%) |
All immigrants, n=7,438,691 (25.33%) |
P values | ||
| Consulted any mental health professional in the past year? | < .001 | ||||
|
|
Yes | 3,434,221 (16.07) | 624,617 (8.78) |
|
|
|
|
No | 17,936,177 (83.93) | 6,486,302 (91.22) |
|
|
| Consulted a psychiatrist in the past year? | .38 | ||||
|
|
Yes | 573,903 (16.77) | 124,559 (20.00) |
|
|
|
|
No | 2,847,760 (83.23) | 498,102 (80.00) |
|
|
| Prevalence of self-reported mood disorders? | < .001 | ||||
|
|
Yes | 2,001,829 (9.15) | 389,164 (5.24) |
|
|
|
|
No | 19,883,796 (90.85) | 7,033,609 (94.76) |
|
|
| Prevalence of self-reported anxiety disorders? | < .001 | ||||
|
|
Yes | 2,083,155 (9.51) | 330,937 (4.47) |
|
|
|
|
No | 19,815,684 (90.49) | 7,079,500 (95.53) |
|
|
| Sex |
|
||||
|
|
Male | 10,849,193 (49.46) | 3,649,845 (49.07) | 0.73 | |
|
|
Female | 11,086,248 (50.54) | 3,788,846 (50.93) |
|
|
| Age category in years | < .001 | ||||
|
|
<20 | 2,609,211 (16.98) | 422,982 (9.07) |
|
|
|
|
20-39 | 3,407,653 (22.18) | 1,007,521 (21.61) |
|
|
|
|
40-59 | 3,802,799 (24.75) | 1,214,320 (26.05) |
|
|
|
|
60+ | 5,545,249 (36.09) | 2,017,299 (43.27) |
|
|
| Marital status | < .001 | ||||
|
|
Married/common-law | 12,089,338 (55.22) | 4,807,589 (64.92) |
|
|
|
|
Not/never married | 9,805,033 (44.78) | 2,597,753 (35.08) |
|
|
| Sense of belonging in the local community | .65 | ||||
|
|
Strong | 14,398,157 (68.09) | 4,860,802 (69.55) |
|
|
|
|
Weak | 6,748,070 (31.91) | 2,127,836 (30.45) |
|
|
| Working status last week | .67 | ||||
|
|
Employed | 13,217,420 (67.66) | 4,451,118 (66.25) |
|
|
|
|
Not employed | 6,318,019 (32.34) | 2,267,733 (33.75) |
|
|
| Income adequacy | < .001 | ||||
|
|
Low income household | 4,454,184 (20.32) | 1,862,855 (25.06) |
|
|
|
|
Income adequate | 17,465,194 (79.68) | 5,571,604 (74.94) |
|
|
| Highest level of education | < .001 | ||||
|
|
High school grad or less | 9,285,274 (42.86) | 2,374,479 (32.50) |
|
|
|
|
Some post-secondary/more | 12,376,542 (57.14) | 4,932,147 (67.50) |
|
|
| Home rented or owned | < .001 | ||||
|
|
Owner | 16,559,806 (75.81) | 4,991,492 (67.49) |
|
|
|
|
Rented | 5,283,586 (24.19) | 2,404,047 (32.51) |
|
|
| Cultural or racial origin | < .001 | ||||
|
|
Caucasian | 19,164,163 (92.69) | 2,608,400 (35.53) |
|
|
|
|
Visible minority | 1,510,714 (7.31) | 4,732,248 (64.47) |
|
|
| Physical activity level | < .001 | ||||
|
|
Active | 16,216,008 (82.30) | 5,345,682 (76.18) |
|
|
|
|
Inactive | 3,486,779 (17.70) | 1,671,201 (23.82) |
|
|
| Current smoking status | < .001 | ||||
|
|
Yes | 4,207,071 (19.19) | 864,932 (11.64) |
|
|
|
|
No | 17,717,523 (80.81) | 6,565,496 (88.36) |
|
|
| Chronic conditions | .004 | ||||
|
|
No conditions | 15,363,198 (70.53) | 5,283,483 (71.52) |
|
|
|
|
1 or more conditions | 6,418,787 (29.47) | 2,103,678 (28.48) |
|
|
aCanadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) frequency weights have been applied to sample prevalence rate calculations.