Table 2:

Crude rates of cardiovascular disease end points and risk factors among offspring exposed to maternal diabetes in utero and those not exposed to maternal diabetes

End point or risk factor	Not exposed to diabetes n = 282 119	Exposed to gestational diabetes n = 8210	Exposed to type 2 diabetes mellitus n = 3217
Any outcome/no. of PYs	14 464/3 505 787	610/90 059	364/32 730
Incidence per 1000/yr	4.18	6.77	11.12
CVD events
Cases of CVD end point/no. PYs	2650/3 508 792	81/90 098	34/32 744
Incidence per 1000/yr	0.76	0.90	1.04
Age at first event, yr, mean ± SD	21.3 ± 5.6	19.7 ± 5.4	20.1 ± 5.0
CVD risk factors
Cases of CVD risk factor/no. PYs	11 814 / 3 514 196	529/902 85	330/32 690
Incidence per 1000/yr	3.36	5.86	10.09
Age at first risk factor, yr, mean ± SD	21.2 ± 5.9	19.5 ± 5.8	17.3 ± 5.2

Note: CVD = cardiovascular disease, PY = person-year, SD = standard deviation.