Table 6.

Univariate analyses of multiple variables to identify risk factors of high cost expenditure.

Variable	High cost (n=50)	Low cost (n=49)	P value
Patient characteristics
Age (years)	62.98 (13.05 (29-90)	61.16 (12.92 (29-95)	.787
Gender (Male/Female)	37/13	33/16	.469
Body mass index	5.64 (11.53)	10.83 (15.79)	.385
Hemoglobin A1c	8.36 (4.21)	9.02 (2.83)	.196
Comorbidity
Hypertension (Yes/No)	35/15	38/11	.396
Dyslipidemia (Yes/No)	27/23	27/22	.913
Peripheral vascular disease (Yes/No)	20/30	13/36	.157
Coronary heart disease (Yes/No)	15/35	16/33	.777
Length of hospital stay
Total LOS	42.56 (26.53) (9-144)	9.71 (5.36) (2-23)	.001
Intensive care unit admission (days)	2.30 (9.40)	-	.206
Ward admission (days)	40.36 (22.99)	9.71 (5.37)	.001
Procedure
No. of tissue cultures	.92 (.27)	.77 (.42)	.045
No. of swab cultures	9.04 (11.46)	1.57 (1.35	.001
No. of debridements	4.62 (9.89)	.89 (.77)	.045
Minor amputation			.002
None	28	43
Once	20	5
Twice	2	1
Major amputation			.009
None	37	47
Once	12	2
Twice	1	0
Revascularization and flap reconstruction (Yes/No)	5/45	0/49	.024
Location of the ulcer
Dorsal vs planter (dorsal/planter)	11/34	16/27	.197
Foot vs toes (foot/toes)	32/14	32/14	.999
Wound care
No. of dressing/day			.01
Once	39	25
Twice	11	21
Vacuum-assisted closure (duration in days)	1.7 (5.40)	0	.390
Others
Duration of antibiotics (days)	34.28 (21.27)	13.81 (8.20)	.141
Physiotherapy (days)	2.56 (7.42)	.04 (.28)	.389

Data are number (%) or mean (standard deviation) (range).